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Solar Modulation of Cosmic Nuclei over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

We report the properties of precision time structures of cosmic nuclei He, Li, Be, B, C, N, and O fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle from May 2011 to November 2022 in the rigidity range from 1.92 to 60.3 GV. The nuclei fluxes show similar but not identical time variations with amplitudes decreasing with increasing rigidity. In particular, below 3.64 GV the Li, Be, and B fluxes, and below 2.15 GV the C, N, and O fluxes, are significantly less affected by solar modulation than the He flux. We observe that these differences in solar modulation are linearly correlated with the differences in the spectral indices of the cosmic nuclei fluxes. This shows, in a model-independent way, that solar modulation of galactic cosmic nuclei depends on their spectral shape. In addition, solar modulation differences due to nuclei velocity dependence on the mass-to-charge ratio (𝐴/𝑍) are not observed.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 051001
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AMS-02 Publications

Total citations to-date: 7, 838
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Solar Modulation of Cosmic Nuclei over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 051001 (2025), View supplemental material and data
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Antiprotons and Elementary Particles over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 051002 (2025), View supplemental material and data
Published on Editors' Suggestion Featured in Physics
Properties of Cosmic Deuterons Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 261001 (2024), Citations: 4, View supplemental material and data
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Temporal Structures in Positron Spectra and Charge-Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays
Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 151002 (2023), Citations: 9, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of Cosmic-Ray Sulfur and Determination of the Composition of Primary Cosmic-Ray Carbon, Neon, Magnesium, and Sulfur: Ten-Year Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 211002 (2023), Citations: 18, View supplemental material and data
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Temporal Structures in Electron Spectra and Charge Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays
Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 161001 (2023), Citations: 21, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of Daily Helium Fluxes
Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 231102 (2022), Citations: 33, View supplemental material and data
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Periodicities in the Daily Proton Fluxes from 2011 to 2019 Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station from 1 to 100 GV
Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 271102 (2021), Citations: 59, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen
Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 021101 (2021), Citations: 32, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of Heavy Secondary Fluorine Cosmic Rays: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 081102 (2021), Citations: 46, View supplemental material and data
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The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station: Part II - Results from the First Seven Years
Phys. Rep. 894, 1 (2021), Citations: 352, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of Iron Primary Cosmic Rays: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 041104 (2021), Citations: 99, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of Neon, Magnesium, and Silicon Primary Cosmic Rays Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 211102 (2020), Citations: 104, View supplemental material and data
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Properties of Cosmic Helium Isotopes Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 181102 (2019), Citations: 68, View supplemental material and data
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Towards Understanding the Origin of Cosmic-Ray Electrons
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 101101 (2019), Citations: 183, View supplemental material and data
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Towards Understanding the Origin of Cosmic-Ray Positrons
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 041102 (2019), Citations: 305, View supplemental material and data
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Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and its Primary and Secondary Components with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 051103 (2018), Citations: 94, View supplemental material and data
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Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 051102 (2018), Citations: 93, View supplemental material and data
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Observation of Fine Time Structures in the Cosmic Proton and Helium Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 051101 (2018), Citations: 115, View supplemental material and data
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Observation of New Properties of Secondary Cosmic Rays Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 021101 (2018), Citations: 283, View supplemental material and data
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Observation of the Identical Rigidity Dependence of He, C, and O Cosmic Rays at High Rigidities by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 251101 (2017), Citations: 303, View supplemental material and data
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Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 231102 (2016), Citations: 388, View supplemental material and data
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Antiproton Flux, Antiproton-to-Proton Flux Ratio, and Properties of Elementary Particle Fluxes in Primary Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 091103 (2016), Citations: 577, View supplemental material and data
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Precision Measurement of the Helium Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays of Rigidities 1.9 GV to 3 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 211101 (2015), Citations: 547, View supplemental material and data
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Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from Rigidity 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 171103 (2015), Citations: 1,007, View supplemental material and data
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Precision Measurement of the (${\rm e}^+$ + ${\rm e}^−$) Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from 0.5 GeV to 1 TeV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 221102 (2014), Citations: 380, View supplemental material and data
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Electron and Positron Fluxes in Primary Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 121102 (2014), Citations: 638, View supplemental material and data
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High Statistics Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5 – 500 GeV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 121101 (2014), Citations: 696, View supplemental material and data
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First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV
Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 141102 (2013), Citations: 1,384, View supplemental material and data

* Citation information from High-Energy Physics Literature Database.